Microbial Natural Product

Microbial natural products, primarily secondary metabolites produced by bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms, remain a cornerstone of modern medicine and biotechnology. They form the foundation of numerous antibiotics (e.g., penicillin, streptomycin), anticancer agents, and immunosuppressants, addressing critical global health challenges like infectious diseases and cancer. Despite historical challenges such as compound rediscovery and complex biosynthesis, advances in genomics, metabolomics, and synthetic biology are unlocking novel chemical diversity from underexplored microbial sources. Consequently, microbial natural products continue to represent an unparalleled reservoir for discovering next-generation therapeutics, underscoring their enduring significance in drug development and sustainable bioprospecting. (98 words)


geneticin

Formula: C20H40N4O10 (496.2744)

Geneticin (also known as G418) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic similar in structure to gentamicin B1, produced by Micromonospora rhodorangea. Genetici...

Kanamycin A

Formula: C18H36N4O11 (484.238)

Kanamycin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japa...

Neomycin B

Formula: C23H46N6O13 (614.3123)

A component of neomycin that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). Neo...

Aclacinomycin A

Formula: C42H53NO15 (811.3415)

An anthracycline antibiotic that is produced by Streptomyces galilaeus and also has potent antineoplastic activity." []

Fosfomycin

Formula: C3H7O4P (138.0082)

Fosfomycin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae. [PubChem]Fosfomycin i...

Penicillin N

Formula: C14H21N3O6S (359.1151)

Penicillin N is a penicillin. It is a conjugate acid of a penicillin N(1-). Adicillin is a natural product found in Sarocladium strictum, Streptomyce...

Streptomycin

Formula: C21H39N7O12 (581.2657)

Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by the soil actinomycete Streptomyces griseus. It acts by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit o...

Daunorubicin

Formula: C27H29NO10 (527.1791)

Daunorubicin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated f...

Lincomycin

Formula: C18H34N2O6S (406.2137)

Lincomycin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis...

Erythromycin

Formula: C37H67NO13 (733.4612)

Erythromycin belongs to the class of organic compounds known as xanthines. These are purine derivatives with a ketone group conjugated at carbons 2 an...

Clavulanic acid

Formula: C8H9NO5 (199.0481)

Clavulanic acid and its salts and esters. The acid is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes from Streptomyces clavuligerus. Administ...

Cycloheximide

Formula: C15H23NO4 (281.1627)

A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is repl...

Genistein

Formula: C15H10O5 (270.0528)

Genistein is one of several known isoflavones. Isoflavones compounds, such as genistein and daidzein, are found in a number of plants, but soybeans an...

Methylpyrazine

Formula: C5H6N2 (94.0531)

Methylpyrazine is found in alcoholic beverages. Methylpyrazine is a flavouring agent. Methylpyrazine is present in many foods, e.g. bakery products, d...

2,5-Dimethylpyrazine

Formula: C6H8N2 (108.0687)

2,5-Dimethylpyrazine, also known as fema 3272 or pyrazine,2,5-dimethyl, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrazines. Pyrazines are co...

Islandicin

Formula: C15H10O5 (270.0528)

Islandicin

Guaiacol

Formula: C7H8O2 (124.0524)

Guaiacol is a phenolic compound with a methoxy group and is the monomethyl ether of catechol. Guaiacol is readily oxidized by the heme iron of peroxid...

N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

Formula: C8H15NO6 (221.0899)

beta-N-Acetylglucosamine is an acylaminosugar, which is an organic compound containing a sugar linked to a chain through an N-acyl group. This compou...

1,11,22-Trihydroxy-1,6,11,16,22,27-hexazacyclodotriacontane-2,5,12,15,23,26-hexone

Formula: C26H46N6O9 (586.3326)

1,11,22-Trihydroxy-1,6,11,16,22,27-hexazacyclodotriacontane-2,5,12,15,23,26-hexone is a keratan 6'-sulfate and an azamacrocycle. 1,11,22-Trihydroxy-1...

Ionomycin

Formula: C41H72O9 (708.5176)

Ionomycin is a very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and...

Dephostatin

Formula: C7H8N2O3 (168.0535)

Dephostatin is a member of hydroquinones. Dephostatin is a natural product found in Streptomyces with data available.

Cyclo(Ala-Leu)

Formula: C9H16N2O2 (184.1212)

ImDKP is an organooxygen compound and an organonitrogen compound. It is functionally related to an alpha-amino acid. (3S,6S)-3-Methyl-6-(2-methylprop...

2-Aminophenol

Formula: C6H7NO (109.0528)

The aminophenol which has the single amino substituent located ortho to the phenolic -OH group." []

2(5H)-Furanone

Formula: C4H4O2 (84.0211)

4-Hydroxy-2-butenoic acid gamma-lactone is used as a food additive [EAFUS] ("EAFUS: Everything Added to Food in the United States. [http://www.eafus.c...

(R)-3-Hydroxybutanoate

Formula: C4H8O3 (104.0473)

3-Hydroxybutyric acid (CAS: 300-85-6), also known as beta-hydroxybutanoic acid, is a typical partial-degradation product of branched-chain amino acids...

Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, 2-methylene-3-oxo-

Formula: C7H8O3 (140.0473)

Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, 2-methylene-3-oxo- has been reported in Streptomyces with data available.

BE-10988

Formula: C13H10N4O3S (302.0474)

BE-10988 is a member of indoles. 2-(5-Amino-1-methyl-4,7-dioxoindol-3-yl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide has been reported in Streptomyces with data avai...

4,5-dihydroxyisophthalic acid

Formula: C8H6O6 (198.0164)

A hydroxybenzoic acid that is isophthalic acid (benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid) in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 5 have been replaced by hydro...

Pyrromycin

Formula: C30H35NO11 (585.221)

Pyrromycin is an anthracycline.

Thienodolin

Formula: C11H7ClN2OS (249.9968)

An indole alkaloid that is a thienoindole ring with carboxamide group and chlorine substituents at positions 2 and 6 respectively." []

epsilon-Rhodomycinone

Formula: C22H20O9 (428.1107)

A carboxylic ester that is the methyl ester of (1R,2R,4S)-2-ethyl-2,4,5,7,12-pentahydroxy-6,11-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydrotetracene-1-carboxylic acid...

sangivamycin

Formula: C12H15N5O5 (309.1073)

A nucleoside analogue that is adenosine in which the nitrogen at position 7 is replaced by a carbamoyl-substituted carbon. It is a potent inhibitor of...

aureothricin

Formula: C9H10N2O2S2 (242.0184)

A dithiolopyrrolone antibiotic that is 4,5-dihydro[1,2]dithiolo[4,3-b]pyrrole in which the hydrogens at positions 4,5 and 6 have been replaced by meth...

Mannobiose

Formula: C12H22O11 (342.1162)

The beta-isomer of mannobiose." []

Acetyl-pepstatin

Formula: C31H57N5O9 (643.4156)

Acetylpepstatin is a natural product found in Streptomyces with data available.

Erbstatin

Formula: C9H9NO3 (179.0582)

Erbstatin is a member of hydroquinones. Erbstatin is a natural product found in Streptomyces with data available.

Lactacystin

Formula: C15H24N2O7S (376.1304)

Lactacystin is l-Cysteine substituted at nitrogen by an acetyl group and at sulfur by a substituted-lactam carbonyl group. It is a lactam and a S-subs...

triacsin c

Formula: C11H17N3O (207.1372)

A nitroso compound that is N-undecylnitrous hydrazide carrying double bonds at positions 1,2,4, and 7. It is a long-chain fatty acyl CoA synthetase in...

2-Methylisoborneol

Formula: C11H20O (168.1514)

2-methylisoborneol is an bornane monoterpenoid comprising isoborneol carrying a 2-methyl substituent (the 1R,2R,4R-diastereomer). It is a bornane mono...

Lyngbyatoxin

Formula: C27H39N3O2 (437.3042)

Toxins isolated from any species of the genus LYNGBYA or similar chemicals from other sources, including mollusks and micro-organisms. These have been...

Mithramycin

Formula: C52H76O24 (1084.4726)

Plicamycin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces plicatus. It ha...

Diazaquinomycin A

Formula: C20H22N2O4 (354.1579)

Diazaquinomycin A is a quinolone. Diazaquinomycin A has been reported in Streptomyces with data available.

5-Hydroxy-4-oxo-L-norvaline

Formula: C5H9NO4 (147.0532)

HON is a L-alpha-amino acid. 5-Hydroxy-4-oxonorvaline is a natural product found in Streptomyces akiyoshiensis with data available.

2-Aminophenoxazin-3-one

Formula: C12H8N2O2 (212.0586)

Questiomycin A, also known as 2-aminophenoxazin-3-one (APO), is found in mushrooms such as Calocybe gambosa (St George's mushroom). 2-Aminophenoxazin-...

Actinorhodin

Formula: C32H26O14 (634.1322)

A member of the class of benzoisochromanequinone that is produced by Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and exhibits antibiotic activity." []