(R)-Lactate
Lactic acid is an organic acid. It is a chiral molecule, consisting of two optical isomers, L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid, with the L-isomer being the most common in living organisms. Lactic acid plays a role in several biochemical processes and is produced in the muscles during intense activity. D-Lactic acid is the end product of the enzyme glyoxalase II (or hydroxyacyl-glutathione hydrolase) (EC 3.1.2.6), which converts the intermediate substrate S-lactoyl-glutathione to reduced glutathione and D-lactate (OMIM: 138790). Lactic acid is a microbial metabolite found in Aerococcus, Bacillus, Carnobacterium, Corynebacterium, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Oenococcus, Pediococcus, Rhizopus, Saccharomyces, Streptococcus, Tetragenococcus, Vagococcus and Weissella (PMID:26287368; PMID:26360870).
| ID | EC Number | Name |
|---|---|---|
| KEGG:R00197 | 1.1.2.4 | (R)-lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase |
| KEGG:R00198 | 1.1.2.5 | (R)-lactate:ferricytochrome-c-553 2-oxidoreductase |
| KEGG:R00297 | 1.1.99.6 | (R)-2-hydroxy-acid:acceptor 2-oxidoreductase |
| KEGG:R00704 | 1.1.1.28 | (R)-lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase |
| KEGG:R01448 | 3.1.6.17 | (R)-2-O-sulfolactate 2-sulfohydrolase |
| KEGG:R01450 | 5.1.2.1 | lactate racemase |
| KEGG:R01735 | 1.2.1.23 | (R)-lactaldehyde:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase |
| KEGG:R01736 | 3.1.2.6 | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione hydrolase |
| KEGG:R08555 | 4.2.1.126 | (R)-lactate hydro-lyase (adding N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate; N-acetylmuramate 6-phosphate-forming) |
| KEGG:R09588 | 6.1.2.1 | D-alanine:(R)-lactate ligase (ADP-forming) |
| KEGG:R09796 | 4.2.1.130 | (R)-lactate hydro-lyase |
| KEGG:R11591 | 1.1.5.12 | (R)-lactate:quinone 2-oxidoreductase |
| KEGG:R11593 | 1.1.99.40 | (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate:pyruvate oxidoreductase [(R)-lactate-forming] |
| KEGG:R13049 | 1.1.1.436 | (R)-lactate:NAD+,ferredoxin oxidoreductase |
| Rhea:RHEA:10961 | 5.1.2.1 | (S)-lactate => (R)-lactate |
| Rhea:RHEA:10962 | 5.1.2.1 | (R)-lactate => (S)-lactate |
| Rhea:RHEA:10963 | 5.1.2.1 | (S)-lactate <=> (R)-lactate |
| Rhea:RHEA:13522 | 1.1.2.4 | (R)-lactate + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome c] => 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome c] + pyruvate + 2 H+ |
| Rhea:RHEA:13523 | 1.1.2.4 | 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome c] + pyruvate + 2 H+ => (R)-lactate + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome c] |
| Rhea:RHEA:13524 | 1.1.2.4 | (R)-lactate + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome c] <=> 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome c] + pyruvate + 2 H+ |
| Rhea:RHEA:15090 | 1.1.99.6 | (R)-lactate + A => pyruvate + AH2 |
| Rhea:RHEA:15091 | 1.1.99.6 | pyruvate + AH2 => (R)-lactate + A |
| Rhea:RHEA:15092 | 1.1.99.6 | (R)-lactate + A <=> pyruvate + AH2 |
| Rhea:RHEA:16370 | 1.1.1.28 | (R)-lactate + NAD+ => pyruvate + NADH + H+ |
| Rhea:RHEA:16371 | 1.1.1.28 | pyruvate + NADH + H+ => (R)-lactate + NAD+ |
| Rhea:RHEA:16372 | 1.1.1.28 | (R)-lactate + NAD+ <=> pyruvate + NADH + H+ |
| Rhea:RHEA:16466 | 1.1.2.5 | 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome c553] + (R)-lactate => 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome c553] + pyruvate + 2 H+ |
| Rhea:RHEA:16467 | 1.1.2.5 | 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome c553] + pyruvate + 2 H+ => 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome c553] + (R)-lactate |
| Rhea:RHEA:16468 | 1.1.2.5 | 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome c553] + (R)-lactate <=> 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome c553] + pyruvate + 2 H+ |
| Rhea:RHEA:20338 | 3.1.6.17 | (R)-2-O-sulfolactate + H2O => (R)-lactate + sulfate + H+ |