Pathways Knowlegdes

Biological pathway database

Pathway DOIs Note
adenosine nucleotides degradation II

Accession ID: BioCyc:BTHE_SALVADEHYPOX-PWY		 -
guanosine nucleotides degradation III

Accession ID: BioCyc:BTHE_PWY-6608		 -
guanosine nucleotides degradation III

Accession ID: BioCyc:CORYNE_PWY-6608		 -
xanthine and xanthosine salvage

Accession ID: BioCyc:CLOSTSYMB_SALVPURINE2-PWY		 -
xanthine and xanthosine salvage

Accession ID: BioCyc:PRECOPRI_SALVPURINE2-PWY		 -
xanthine and xanthosine salvage

Accession ID: BioCyc:GCF_000013425_SALVPURINE2-PWY		 -
inosine 5'-phosphate degradation

Accession ID: BioCyc:GCF_000013425_PWY-5695		 -
guanosine nucleotides degradation

Accession ID: BioCyc:HUMAN_PWY-6608		 -
adenosine nucleotides degradation

Accession ID: BioCyc:HUMAN_SALVADEHYPOX-PWY
  • 10.1016/s0944-5013(11)80008-x
 Elshafei AM, Abu-Shady MR, el-Beih FM, Mohamed LA. Mode and extent of degradation of adenosine and guanosine by extracts of Aspergillus terricola. Microbiol Res. 1995 Sep;150(3):291–5. doi: 10.1016/s0944-5013(11)80008-x. PMID: 7551735.
purine ribonucleosides degradation to ribose-1-phosphate

Accession ID: BioCyc:HUMAN_PWY0-1296		 -
purine nucleobases degradation I (anaerobic)

Accession ID: BioCyc:META_P164-PWY
  • 10.1128/jb.154.1.192-199.1983
 Dürre P, Andreesen JR. Purine and glycine metabolism by purinolytic clostridia. J Bacteriol. 1983 Apr;154(1):192–9. doi: 10.1128/jb.154.1.192-199.1983.
ureide biosynthesis

Accession ID: BioCyc:META_URSIN-PWY
  • 10.1016/s0163-7258(00)00097-8
  • 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03097.x
 Stoychev G, Kierdaszuk B, Shugar D. Xanthosine and xanthine. Substrate properties with purine nucleoside phosphorylases, and relevance to other enzyme systems. Eur J Biochem. 2002 Aug;269(16):4048–57. doi: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03097.x. PMID: 12180982.; Bzowska A, Kulikowska E, Shugar D. Purine nucleoside phosphorylases: properties, functions, and clinical aspects. Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Dec;88(3):349–425. doi: 10.1016/s0163-7258(00)00097-8. PMID: 11337031.
caffeine degradation IV (bacteria, via demethylation and oxidation)

Accession ID: BioCyc:META_PWY-6632
  • 10.1007/s10529-006-9196-2
  • 10.1099/mic.0.043612-0
  • 10.1128/jb.06637-11
  • 10.1515/bchm2.1980.361.2.1763
  • 10.2741/1339
 Summers RM, Louie TM, Yu C, Gakhar L, Louie KC, Subramanian M. Novel, Highly Specific N -Demethylases Enable Bacteria To Live on Caffeine and Related Purine Alkaloids. J Bacteriol. 2012 Apr 15;194(8):2041–9. doi: 10.1128/jb.06637-11.; Summers RM, Louie TM, Yu CL, Subramanian M. Characterization of a broad-specificity non-haem iron N-demethylase from Pseudomonas putida CBB5 capable of utilizing several purine alkaloids as sole carbon and nitrogen source. Microbiology (Reading). 2011 Feb;157(Pt 2):583–92. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.043612-0. PMID: 20966097.; Dash SS, Gummadi SN. Catabolic pathways and biotechnological applications of microbial caffeine degradation. Biotechnol Lett. 2006 Dec;28(24):1993–2002. doi: 10.1007/s10529-006-9196-2. PMID: 17009088.; Mazzafera P. Catabolism of caffeine in plants and microorganisms. Front Biosci. 2004 May 01;9():1348–59. doi: 10.2741/1339. PMID: 14977550.; HOHNLOSER W, OSSWALD B, LINGENS F. Enzymological Aspects of Caffeine Demethylation and Formaldehyde Oxidation byPseudomonas putidaC1. Hoppe-Seyler´s Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie. 1980 Jan;361(2):1763–6. doi: 10.1515/bchm2.1980.361.2.1763.
caffeine degradation I (main, plants)

Accession ID: BioCyc:META_PWY-6552
  • 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.10.029
  • 10.2741/1339
 Ashihara H, Sano H, Crozier A. Caffeine and related purine alkaloids: biosynthesis, catabolism, function and genetic engineering. Phytochemistry. 2008 Feb;69(4):841–56. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.10.029. PMID: 18068204.; Mazzafera P. Catabolism of caffeine in plants and microorganisms. Front Biosci. 2004 May 01;9():1348–59. doi: 10.2741/1339. PMID: 14977550.
xanthine and xanthosine salvage

Accession ID: BioCyc:META_SALVPURINE2-PWY
  • 10.1016/s0163-7258(00)00097-8
  • 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03097.x
  • 10.1128/jb.177.19.5506-5516.1995
 Stoychev G, Kierdaszuk B, Shugar D. Xanthosine and xanthine. Substrate properties with purine nucleoside phosphorylases, and relevance to other enzyme systems. Eur J Biochem. 2002 Aug;269(16):4048–57. doi: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03097.x. PMID: 12180982.; Bzowska A, Kulikowska E, Shugar D. Purine nucleoside phosphorylases: properties, functions, and clinical aspects. Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Dec;88(3):349–425. doi: 10.1016/s0163-7258(00)00097-8. PMID: 11337031.; Seeger C, Poulsen C, Dandanell G. Identification and characterization of genes (xapA, xapB, and xapR) involved in xanthosine catabolism in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1995 Oct;177(19):5506–16. doi: 10.1128/jb.177.19.5506-5516.1995.
guanosine nucleotides degradation III

Accession ID: BioCyc:META_PWY-6608
  • 10.1016/s1046-5928(02)00602-2
 Silva RG, Carvalho LPS, Oliveira JS, Pinto CA, Mendes MA, Palma MS, Basso LA, Santos DS. Cloning, overexpression, and purification of functional human purine nucleoside phosphorylase. Protein Expression and Purification. 2003 Jan;27(1):158–64. doi: 10.1016/s1046-5928(02)00602-2.
adenosine nucleotides degradation II

Accession ID: BioCyc:ECO_SALVADEHYPOX-PWY
  • 10.1128/jb.182.19.5332-5341.2000
 Xi H, Schneider BL, Reitzer L. Purine Catabolism in Escherichia coli and Function of Xanthine Dehydrogenase in Purine Salvage. J Bacteriol. 2000 Oct;182(19):5332–41. doi: 10.1128/jb.182.19.5332-5341.2000.
superpathway of purine nucleosides salvage

Accession ID: BioCyc:YEAST_PWY3O-1
  • 10.1002/1097-0061(20010315)18:4<335::aid-yea674>3.0.co;2-x
  • 10.1002/yea.1186
  • 10.1042/bst0340786
  • 10.1128/jb.174.10.3102-3110.1992
 Rolfes RJ. Regulation of purine nucleotide biosynthesis: in yeast and beyond. Biochem Soc Trans. 2006 Nov;34(Pt 5):786–90. doi: 10.1042/bst0340786. PMID: 17052198.; Saint-Marc C, Daignan-Fornier B. GUD1 (YDL238c) encodes Saccharomyces cerevisiae guanine deaminase, an enzyme expressed during post-diauxic growth. Yeast. 2004 Nov 24;21(16):1359–63. doi: 10.1002/yea.1186.; Lecoq K, Belloc I, Desgranges C, Daignan-Fornier B. Role of adenosine kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: identification of the ADO1 gene and study of the mutant phenotypes. Yeast. 2001 Mar 15;18(4):335–42. doi: 10.1002/1097-0061(20010315)18:4<335::aid-yea674>3.0.co;2-x. PMID: 11223943.; Deeley MC. Adenine deaminase and adenine utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol. 1992 May;174(10):3102–10. doi: 10.1128/jb.174.10.3102-3110.1992.
purine ribonucleosides degradation to ribose-1-phosphate

Accession ID: BioCyc:YEAST_PWY0-1296		 -
guanosine nucleotides degradation II

Accession ID: BioCyc:ARA_PWY-6606
  • 10.1016/s0944-5013(11)80008-x
 Elshafei AM, Abu-Shady MR, el-Beih FM, Mohamed LA. Mode and extent of degradation of adenosine and guanosine by extracts of Aspergillus terricola. Microbiol Res. 1995 Sep;150(3):291–5. doi: 10.1016/s0944-5013(11)80008-x. PMID: 7551735.